[ - ca. 60 - μηνὸς
Νέο]υ Σεβαστοῦ (hand 2) κϚ,
(hand 1) ἐν Ὀξυρύγχ’ων πόλει τῆς Θηβαίδος, ἀγαθῆι τύχηι.
| [τάδε διέθετο νοοῦσα φρονοῦσα Ταπτολλίων - ca. ? -
τοῦ Πτολλίωνος μητρὸς - ca. ? - ]
ἀπὸ κώμης Φθώχεως μετὰ̣ κ̣υρίου τοῦ ἀνεψιοῦ Ἁρμιύσιος Νεχ̣θε̣νε̣ίκιος
τοῦΠτολλίωνος μητρὸς Δι[.....] | [ἐν ἀγυιᾷ. ἐφ᾽
ὃν μὲν περίειμι χρόνον ἔχειν με τὴν τῶν ἰδίων ἐξουσίαν πᾶσα]ν, ὃ ἐὰν
βούλωμαι, περὶ αὐτῶν ἐπιτελεῖν καὶ μεταδιατίθεσθαι καὶ πρὸς ἀ̣κ̣ύ̣ρωσιν
ἄγειν τήνδε τὴν διαθή̣κ̣η̣ν̣, [ὃ δ᾽
ἂν] | [ἐπιτελέσω κύριον ὑπάρχειν. ἐὰν δὲ ἐπὶ ταύτῃ τῇ διαθήκῃ τελευτήσω
μηδὲν ἐπιτελέσασ]α̣ καταλείπω κληρον̣ό̣μο̣υ̣ς Ἁρμιῦσιν τὸν καὶ Πέλυκα̣
καὶ Ἀμόιν ἀμφοτέρους Ὥρου τοῦ Πέλυ̣κ̣ος μητρὸς Εἰρ[ήνης] | [ἀμφοτέρους
ἀπὸ Ὀξυρύγχων πόλεως - ca. 14 - ἐξ
ἴσου ἑκάτερον αὐτῶν, ἐὰν ζῇ, εἰ δὲ] μ̣ή̣, τὰ τούτου τέκνα, [τῶν] ὑπ̣[αρχου]σ̣ῶ̣ν
μοι περὶ μὲν Ποσομποῦς Ἀριστομάχου τ̣ρ̣ίτου μέρους ἀρουρῶν δύο ἡ̣μίσεος
| [τετάρτου καὶ περὶ Φθῶχιν τρίτου μέρους ἀρουρῶν - ca. 20 - καὶ
- ca. ? - ἀρουρῶ]ν̣ δύο καὶ χρησ̣τ̣η̣ρ[ίων τῆς
μὲν πατρικῆς, τ]ῆς δ᾽
ἄλλης μητρικ̣ῆ̣ς̣ καὶ ὧν ἐὰν ἄλλων ἀπολίπω κα̣θ᾽
ὁνδηπ̣ο̣τοῦν τρόπον παντο̣ί̣ω̣ν πάντ[ων] | [ὑπαρχόντων. ἐάν τις αὐτῶν
μεταλλάξῃ ἄτεκνος καὶ ἀδιάθετος, ἔστω τὸ τούτου μέρος] ἐν κληρονομίᾳ
μ̣ο̣υ̣ τ̣ο̣ῦ̣ ἑτέρ[ου αὐτῶν, ἐὰ]ν δὲ καὶ ὁ ἕτερος ἐπιμ̣ε̣ταλλάξῃ̣, ὃ̣
[μ]ὴ ε̣ἴ̣η, ἄ̣τ̣εκν̣ο̣ς̣ καὶ ἀ̣διάθετ̣ο̣ς, ἔστω δέ τιν᾽
ἀπολιπεῖν τ̣ῶν ἔ̣γ̣[γιστά] | [μου γένους ὄντων, μὴ οὔσης μηδενὶ τῷ καθόλου
ἐξουσίας παραβαίνειν τι τούτων ἢ χωρὶς] τοῦ τ̣α̣ῦ̣τα μένειν κύρια ἔτι
καὶ ἐκτ̣ε̣ί̣[νειν] τ̣ὸν ἐπιχειρήσοντα πρὸς ἀ̣θέτησίν τι τ̣ο̣ύ̣τ̣ων ἄγειν
ἐπ[ί]τιμο̣ν̣ δ̣ραχμὰς χι̣λίας καὶ εἰ̣ς τὸ δημόσιον τὰς ἴσ̣[ας]. | [ἡ
διαθήκη κυρία . (hand 3) Ταπτολλίων - ca. ? - ]ς
τοῦ Πτολλίωνος πεποί̣ημαι
τὴν διαθήκην, ἐφ᾽
ᾗ̣ ἐὰν τελευτήσω, κληρονόμους καταλείπω Ἁ[ρ]-|[μιῦσιν
τὸν καὶ Πέλυκα καὶ Ἀμόιν Ὥρου τοῦ Πέλυκος τοῦ ὑπάρχοντός μοι περὶ Ποσομποῦ]ς̣
Ἀριστομάχο̣υ̣ [τρίτου μέ]ρ̣ους ἀρουρῶ̣ν δύο ἡμίσεο[ς τε]τ̣άρτου καὶ
περὶ Φθῶχιν τρίτο[υ μέρους ἀρουρῶν - ca. 20 -
καὶ - ca. ? - ἀρουρῶν δύο καὶ χρηστηρίων τῆς
μὲν πατρ]ι̣κῆς, τῆς δὲ ἄλλης μητρικῆς καὶ ὧν ἄλλων ἐὰν ἀπολίπω πάντων.
ἐὰν δέ τις αὐτῶ̣[ν] | [μεταλλάξῃ ἄτεκνος καὶ ἀδιάθετος, ἔστω τὸ τούτου
μέρος ἐν κληρονομίᾳ μου τοῦ ἑτ]έ̣ρ̣ου αὐτῶν, ἐὰν̣ δ̣ὲ κ̣αὶ ὁ ἕτερ̣ος
ἐπιμε̣τ̣αλλάξῃ ἄτεκνος καὶ ἀδιάθετος, ἔστω τὰ ἐμ̣ὰ̣ μ̣έ̣ρ̣[η] | [τιν᾽
ἀπολιπεῖν τῶν ἔγγιστά μου γένους ὄντων, ὡς πρόκειται. εἰ]μ̣ὶ̣ (ἐτῶν)
λε ἄ̣[ση]μ̣[ο]ς̣ κ̣[αὶ ἔσ]τιν μου ἡ σφραγ̣ὶς Ἀγαθοῦ Δαίμονος καὶ Ἀγαθῆς
Τύχη̣[ς]. Ἁ̣ρμ̣ι̣-|[ῦσις Νεχθενείκιος τοῦ Πτολλίωνος ἐπιγέγραμμαι τῆς
ἀνεψιᾶς μου κύριος] καὶ εἰμὶ (ἐτῶν) .. ἄ̣σ̣η̣μ̣[ος. Δημόπο]ι̣ος
Ἡλιοδώρου τοῦ Δημ̣ο̣ποίου ἀπ᾽
Ὀξυρύγχω̣ν̣ πόλεως ἔγραψα̣ | [ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν μὴ εἰδότων γράμματα καὶ εἰμὶ
(ἐτῶν) - ca. ? - (hand 4) ]ος
τοῦ Ἁρμιύσιο̣ς ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτῆς πόλεως μαρτυρῶ τῇ τῆς Ταπτο̣λ-|[λίωνος
διαθήκῃ καὶ εἰμὶ (ἐτῶν) .. οὐλὴ κ]νημίᾳ ἀριστε̣ρ̣ᾷ κ̣α̣ὶ̣
ἔστιν μου ἡ σφραγὶς Τύχης κυβερνώσης. | [(hand 5) - ca. 34 -
ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτῆς πόλεως] μαρτυρῶ τῇ̣ τ̣ῆ̣ς̣ Ταπτολλίωνος διαθ̣ή̣κ̣ῃ̣ κ̣α̣ὶ̣
ε̣ἰ̣μὶ ὡς (ἐτῶν) μ οὐ̣(λὴ) ὀφρ(ύι) δεξι̣[ᾷ καὶ] | [ἔστιν μου ἡ σφραγὶς
- ca. ? - (hand 6) ἀπὸ τῆς
αὐ]τῆς πόλεως μαρτυρῶ τῇ
τῆς Ταπτολλίωνος διαθήκῃ καὶ εἰμὶ ἐτῶν [....]
| [ - ca. 40 - καὶ ἔστιν μου ἡ σφρ]αγὶς
Βησάτων. (hand 7) Πτολλερῶς Διονυτᾶτος τοῦ Πτολλερῶτος
ἀπὸ̣ τῆς α̣ὐ̣τ̣ῆ̣ς̣ [πόλε]-|[ως μαρτυρῶ τῇ τῆς Ταπτολλίωνος διαθήκῃ
καὶ εἰμὶ (ἐτῶν) ..] οὐλὴ ἀ̣ντ̣ι̣κνη̣μίῳ ἀριστ̣ερῷ καὶ
ἔστιν μου ἡ σφραγὶς̣ Ἁρποχράτου.
| [(hand 8) - ca. 60 - ἀπὸ
τῆς αὐτ]ῆ̣[ς πόλεως μαρ]τ̣υ̣[ρ]ῶ̣ τῇ τ̣ῆ̣ς Τ[απτολλίωνος]
δ̣ιαθήκῃ καὶ εἰμὶ ἐτῶν τ̣ρ̣ι̣ά̣κ̣οντα ἑπτὰ | [ - ca. ? -
καὶ ἔστιν μου ἡ σφραγὶς - ca. ? - (hand 9)
ἀπὸ τῆς αὐ]τ̣ῆς π̣ό̣λ̣ε̣[ως μαρτυρ]ῶ τῇ τῆς Ταπτολλίωνος διαθ̣ή̣κ̣ῃ̣
κ̣α̣ὶ̣ ε̣ἰμὶ ἐ̣τῶν τριά̣-|κοντα [ - ca. ? -
- ca. ? - καὶ ἔστιν μου ἡ σφραγὶς - ca. ? - ] |
Imperial
year] the 26th of the month of Neos Sebastos in the town of Oxyrhynchos
in the Thebais for good fortune. This is the last will made in the street
by me, Taptollion, [daughter of N.N.,] son of Ptollion [his mother being
N.N.] from the village of Phthochis, normal and in possession of all
my faculties having as guardian my nephew Harmiusis, son of Nechthnikis,
grandson of Ptollion his mother [N.N.] . As long as I am still alive,
I have complete power over my own possession to make further stipulations
concerning them and to make other provisions concerning them, whichever
I want to, and to make this will null and void, and whatever I stipulate
will be valid. But id I die without this will being altered, I leave
behind as my heirs Harmiusis, alias pelx. And Amois, both sons of Horos,
son of Pelux, his mother being Irene [both from the town of Oxyrhynchos,]
each of them, if he is alive, if not, his children, as equivalent heir
to the third part of two and a half and one-fourth arurae belonging
to me in the vicinity of Posompus Aristomachu and to the third part
[of] arurae [and] of two arurae in the vicinity of Phthochis and to
the appurtenances of my fatherCOs (property) on the one hand to the
remainder of my motherCOs (property ?) on the other hand and to
all other things, which I leave behind in whatever way. Should one of
them die without children and without a will, his portion of my estate
shall belong to the other ; should the other one, which God forbid,
also die without children and without a will, it shall not be contested
that one of my next of kin shall benefit, and absolutely no-one shall
be allowed to violate one of these stipulations, or else, without affecting
the validity of these stipulations, the person who tries to make any
part of these things invalid shall pay to the person who observes these
stipulations, a fine of thousand drachmas and an equal sum to the public
treasury. The will is valid. I, Taptollion, [daughter of N.N.,] son
of Ptollion, have made the will, on the grounds of which I, when I die,
leave behind Harmius, alias Pelux and Amois, sons of Horos, son of Pelux,
as my heirs to the third part of two and a half and one-fourth arurae
belonging to me in the vicinity of Posompus Artistomachu and to the
third part [of ] arurae [and ] of two arurae in the vicinity of Phthochis
and to the appurtenances of my fatherCOs (property ?) on the one
hand and to the remainder of my motherCOs (property ?) and to all
other things, whichever I leave behind. Should one of them die without
children and without a will, his portion of the inheritance shall belong
to the other ; should the other one also die without children and
without a will, it shall not be contested that one of my next of kin
shall inherit my possessions, as is written above. I am 35 years old
without any distinguishing marks and my seal shows the image of Agathos
Daimon and the Good Fortune. I, Harmiusis, son of Nechthenikis, grandson
of Ptollion, add myself to this, as my nieceCOs guardian and I am .
. years old without any distinguishing marks. I, Demopoios, son of Heliodoros,
grandson of Demopoios from the town of Oxyrhynchos have written it for
them, because they could not write and I am . . years old [ ] [I, N.N.,
son of N.N.,] grandson of Harmiusis from the same town am a witness
to TaptollionCOs last will and I am . . years old with a scar on my
left shin and my seal shows the image of the guiding Tyche. [I, N.N.,
son of N.N., grandson of N. N.] from the same town am a witness to TaptollionCOs
last will and I am 40 years old with a scar on my right eyebrow and
my seal shows the image of [ . I, N.N., son of N.N., grandson
of N.N.] from the same town am a witness to TaptollionCOs last will
and I am [. .] years old [ ] and my seal shows images of Bes.
I, Ptolleros, son of Dionytas, grandson of Ptolleros from the same town
am a witness to TaptollionCOs last will and I am . . years old with
a scar on my left shin and my seal shows the image of Harpochrates.
[I, N.N. son of N.N., grandson of N.N.] from the same town am a witness
to TaptollionCOs last will and I am thirty-seven years old [ ]
and my seal shows the image of [ . I, N.N., son N.N., grandson
of N.N.] from the same town am a witness to TaptollionCOCOs last will
and I am thirty years old [ ] and my seal shows the image of [.] |
► Bibliography
Sijpesteijn, The Wisconsin Papyri, I, Leiden, 1967,
n. 13 ; Boswinkel
& Sijpesteijn, Greek papyri, ostraca and mummy labels,
Amsterdam, 1968, n. 17 ; Worp, Einige Wiener Papyri
(P. Vindob. Worp), Amsterdam, 1972, p. 31 ;
Bagnall
in Bagnall & Harris, Studies in Roman law in memory
of A. Arthur Schiller, Leiden, 1986, p. 2 ; Kutzner,
Untersuchungen zur Stellung der Frau im römischen Oxyrhynchos,
Frankfurt am Main, 1989, pp. 78, 82 and 150 ;
Masson, ZPE, 98, 1993, p. 166 ; Rupprecht,
Kleine Einführung in die Papyruskunde, Darmstadt, 1994, p. 112 ;
Whitehorne, ANRW, II, 18, 5, 1995, p. 3089 ;
Boussac, Archivi e sigilli nel mondo ellenistico (Congresso, Torino,
1993), Athens, 1996, pp. 249-250 ; Rowlandson, Landowners
and tenants in Roman Egypt : The social relations of agriculture
in the Oxyrhynchite Nome, Oxford, 1996, pp. 126 and 148 ;
Jördens & Zauzich, Griechische papyri aus Soknopaiu Nesos
(P. Louvre I), Bonn, 1998, pp. 55 and 106 ; Wassiliou,
Siegel und Papyri : Das Siegelwesen in Ägypten von römischer
bis in früharabische Zeit, Wien, 1999, p. 12 ; Masson, Onomastica graeca selecta, III, Genève, 2000,
p. 158.
► Source : Papyrus from Oxyrhynchus.
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