Leges Regiae ( Girard & Senn )

LEGES REGIAE

Laws of the Kings

( 753-509 ? BC )

( P. F. Girard & F. Senn, Les lois des Romains, Napoli, 1977, pp. 1-22 ).

753 - 716 • 716 - 673 • 673 - 640 • 640 - 616 • 616 - 578 • 578 - 534

I. – ROMULUS ( 753-716 )

5. – HAEC FVIT A ROMVLO ANNVA ORDINATA DIMENSIO, QVI – ANNVM X MENSIVM, DIERVM VERO CCCIIII HABENDVM ESSE CONSTITVIT MENSESQVE ITA DISPOSVIT, VT QVATTVOR EX HIS XXXI, SEX VERO XXX HABERENT DIES (Macr., Sat., 1, 12, 38).

6. – QVANDO – PRIMVM INTERCALATVM SIT, VARIE REFERTVR, ET MACER QVIDEM LICINIVS EIVS REI ORIGINEM ROMVLO ADSIGNAT (Macr., Sat., 1, 13, 20).

13. – SI NVRVS, SACRA DIVIS PARENTVM ESTOD (Fest., L. 230, plorare).

II.– NUMA POMPILIUS ( 716-673 )

1. – (NVMA) – VRBEM NOVAM, CONDITAM VI ET ARMIS, IVRE – LEGIBVSQUE AC MORIBVS DE INTEGRO CONDERE PARAT (Liv., 1, 19, 1).

2. – (POMPILIVS) – ANIMOS PROPOSITIS LEGIBVS HIS, QUAS IN MONVMENTIS HABEMVS, – RELIGIONVM CAERIMONIIS MITIGAVIT – OMNESQVE PARTES RELIGIONIS STATVIT SANCTISSIME (Cic., de rep., 2, 14, 26).

3. – (NVMA) LEGVM ETIAM SCRIPTOR FVIT, QVAS SCITIS EXTARE (Cic., de rep., 5, 2, 3).

a) Ius sacrum

1. – VINO ROGVM NE RESPARGITO (Plin., N.H., 14, 12, 88).

2. – PAELEX ARAM IVNONIS NE TANGITO ; SI TANGIT, IVNIONI CRINIBVS DEMISSIS AGNVM FEMINAM CAEDITO (Fest., P. 222, paelices).

3. – HOMO SI FULMINE OCCISVS EST, EI IVSTA NVLLA FIERI OPORTET (Fest., F. 178, occisum).

4. – CVIVS AVSPICIO CLASSE PROCINCTA OPIMA SPOLIA CAPIVNTUR, IOVI FERETRIO BOVEM CAEDITO ; QVI CEPIT, AERIS CCC DARIER OPORTEAT. SECVNDA SPOLIA, IN MARTIS ARAM IN CAMPO SOLITAURALIA, VTRA VOLVERIT, CAEDITO ; [QVI CEPIT, AERIS CC DATO.] TERTIA SPOLIA, IANVI QVIRINO AGNVM MAREM CAEDITO ; C QVI CEPERIT EX AERE DATO. CVIVS AVSPICIO CAPTA, DIS PIACVLVM DATO (Fest., L. 189, opima).

5. – HEMIN. : NVMA CONSTITVIT VT PISCES, QVI SQVAMOSI NON ESSENT, NI POLLVCERENT (Plin., N.H., 32, 2, 20).

6. – EX IMPVTATA VITE VINA DIIS NEFAS STATVIT (NVMA) (Plin., N.H., 14, 12, 88).

b) Ius publicum

12. – SI QVI HOMINEM LIBERVM DOLO SCIENS MORTI DVIT, PARICIDAS ESTO (Fest., L. 221, parrici).

13. – IN NVMAE LEGIBVS CAVTVM EST VT SI QVIS IMPRVDENS OCCIDISSET HOMINEM PRO CAPITE OCCISI AGNATIS EIUS IN CONTIONE OFFERET ARIETEM (Servius, Ad Egl., 4, 43).

14. – NEGAT LEX REGIA MVLIEREM, QVAE PRAEGNAS MORTVA SIT, HVMARI, ANTEQVAM PARTVS EI EXCIDATVR ; QVI CONTRA FECERIT, SPEM ANIMANTIS CVM GRAVIDA PEREMISSE VIDETVR (Marcel. lib. 28 dig., D., 11, 8, 2).

15. – ALIVTA ANTIQVI DICEBANT PRO ALITER – ; HINC EST ILLVD IN LEGIBVS NVMAE POMPILI : SI QVISQVAM ALIVTA FAXIT, IPSOS IOVI SACER ESTO (Fest., L. 6, Aliuta).

18. – NVMA (ANNO ROMVLI) L DIES ADDIDIT, VT IN CCCLIIII DIES, QVIBVS XII LVNAE CVRSVS CONFICI CREDIDIT, ANNVS EXTENDERETVR ; ATQVE HIS L A SE ADDITIS ADIECIT ALIOS VI, RETRACTOS ILLIS VI MENSIBVS QVI XXX HABEBANT DIES, – FACTOSQVE LVI DIES IN DVOS NOVOS MENSES PARI RATIONE DIVISIT : AC – PRIOREM IANVARIVM NVNCVPAVIT PRIMVMQVE ANNI ESSE VOLVIT, – SECVNDVM DICAVIT FEBRVO DEO. – PAVLO POST NVMA IN HONOREM INPARIS NVMERI – VNVM ADIECIT DIEM, QVEM IANVARIO DEDIT – IANVARIVS IGITVR, APRILIS, IVNIVS, SEXTILIS, SEPTEMBER, NOVEMBER, DECEMBER, XXVIIII CENSEBANTVR DIEBVS ; – MARTIVS VERO, MAIVS, QVINCTILIS ET OCTOBER DIES XXX SINGVLOS POSSIDEBANT, FEBRVARIVS XXVIII RETINVIT DIES (Macr., Sat., 1, 13, 1-7).

19. – (NVMA) NEFASTOS DIES FASTOSQVE FECIT, QVIA ALIQVANDO NIHIL CVM POPVLO AGI VTILE FVTVRM ERAT (Liv., 1, 19, 7).

III.– TULLUS HOSTILIUS ( 673-640 )

1. – (TVLLVS) CONSTITVIT – IVS, QVO BELLA INDICERENTVR, QVOD – SANXIT FETIALI RELIGIONE, VT OMNE BELLVM, QVOD DENVNTIATVM INDICTVMQVE ESSET, ID INIVSTVM ESSE ATQVE IMPIVM IVDICARETVR (Cic., de rep., 2, 17, 31).

2. – REX (TVLLVS) – « DVVMVIROS, » INQVIT, « QVI HORATIO PERDUELLIONEM IVDICENT, SECVNDVM LEGEM FACIO. » LEX HORRENDI CARMINIS ERAT : DVVMVIRI PERDUELLIONEM IVDICENT : SI A DVVMVIRIS PROVOCARIT, PROVOCATIONE CERTATO : SI VINCENT, CAPVT OBNVBITO, INFELICI ARBORI RESTE SVSPENDITO, VERBERATO VEL INTRA POMERIVM VEL EXTRA POMERIVM (Liv., 1, 26, 5. 6).

5. – ADDIDIT CLAVDIVS SACRA EX LEGIBVS TVLLI RÉGIS PIACVLAQVE – PER PONTIFICES DANDA (Tac., Ann., 12, 8).

IV.– ANCUS MARCIUS ( 640-616 )

1. – VT TAMEN, QVONIAM NVMA IN PACE RELIGIONES INSTITVISSET, A SE BELLICAE CAERIMONIAE PRODERENTVR, NEC GERERENTVR SOLVM SED ETIAM INDICERENTVR BELLA ALIQVO RITV, IVS AB ANTIQVA GENTE AEQVICVLIS, QVOD NVNC FETIALES HABENT, DESCRIPSIT, QVO RES REPETVNTVR (Liv., 1, 32, 5).

V.– TARQUINIUS PRISCUS ( 616-578 )

1. – TARQVINIVS, – VT DE SVO IMPERIO TVLIT, PRINCIPIO DVPLICAVIT – PRISTINVM PATRVM NVMERVM, ET ANTIQVOS PATRES « MAIORVM GENTIVM » APPELLAVIT, QVOS PRIORES SENTENTIAM ROGABAT, A SE ADSCITOS « MINORVM » (Cic., de rep., 2, 20, 35).

VI.– SERVIUS TULLIUS ( 578-534 )

1. – CENSVM – INSTITVIT, – CLASSES CENTURIASQVE ET – ORDINEM EX CENSV DESCRIPSIT (Liv., 1, 42, 5).

6. – SI PARENTEM PVER VERBERIT, AST OLLE PLORASSIT, PVER DIVIS PARENTVM ESTO (Fest., L. 230, plorare).

► Bibliography

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