JUDGES SHALL NOT WAIT FOR IMPERIAL ORDERS, BUT SHALL DECIDE IN WHATEVER MANNER THEY THINK BEST.

  As many magistrates, after long arguments have been made and great expense incurred by persons in cases tried before them, refer them to Us, We have deemed it necessary to suppress this abuse by means of a general law, in order that litigation may not be protracted, and that new trials may not result.

  Therefore We order all judges not to refer to Us, in any way or at any time, suits which have been brought before them, but to examine them carefully, and make such disposition of them as may appear to be just and lawful; and where all the parties interested acquiesce in their decisions, they shall be executed in conformity with law. But where one of the litigants thinks that he has been injured by a decree, he can avail himself of the right of appeal, and the case shall then be heard and determined in the order prescribed by law. Where, however, two or more judges hear a case, and are of different opinions, We order each of them to render his decision in accordance with what seems to him to be proper. Your Highness, together with all superior and inferior magistrates, will exert yourself to see that the provisions which We have inserted in the present law are observed in perpetuity; so that no one may be ignorant of what We enact for the benefit of Our subjects, and that notices are issued in such a way as to occasion them no unnecessary expense.